Izibuko zokugibela ezishintsha umbala ziyizingilazi ezikwazi ukulungisa umbala ngesikhathi ngokuvumelana nokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet yangaphandle nezinga lokushisa, futhi zingavikela amehlo ekukhanyeni okunamandla, okufanele kakhulu ukugqoka lapho ugibele.Umgomo wokushintsha umbala nge-lens equkethe ama-microcrystals esiliva we-halide kanye nokusabela kokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet ngemva kokuhlukana, ama-athomu esiliva abamba ukukhanya, anciphise izinga lokudlulisela lens, ngaleyo ndlela aguqule umbala;Lapho ukukhanya okuvulayo kulahleka, ama-athomu esiliva aphinde ahlangane nama-athomu e-halogen, abuyele embala wawo wangempela.Izibuko ezinhle zokugibela ezishintsha umbala aziwona umonakalo omkhulu emehlweni, kodwa ukugibela isikhathi eside kungase kubangele nokukhathala okubukwayo.Ake sibheke isimiso sezibuko zokugibela ezishintsha umbala.
Iyini isimiso sezingilazi zokugibela ezishintsha umbala?
Izibuko ezishintsha umbala zingashintsha umbala wamalensi ngokuvumelana nobukhulu bokukhanya kwangaphandle, ukuze zivikele amehlo ekuvuselelweni kokukhanya okunamandla, ngakho abantu abaningi bazokhetha ukugqoka izibuko ezishintsha umbala lapho begibele, kodwa iningi labo liyakwenza. engazi isimiso sokushintsha umbala, empeleni, isimiso sokusebenza sezibuko ezishintsha umbala silula kakhulu.
1. Izingilazi zokugibela ezishintsha umbala zenziwa ngokungeza izinto ezinemibala ekhanyayo kumalensi wezinto ezingavuthiwe ukwenza amalensi aqukathe i-silver halide (i-silver chloride, i-silver australide) amakristalu amancane.Lapho kwamukelwa ukukhanya okubonakalayo kwe-ultraviolet noma igagasi elifushane, ama-halogen ions akhulula ama-electron, athathwa ama-ion esiliva futhi asabele: i-halide esiliva engenambala iboliswa ibe ama-athomu esiliva acwebile kanye nama-athomu e-halogen asobala.Ama-athomu esiliva amunca ukukhanya, okunciphisa ukudluliswa kwe-lens, ukuze umbala wezibuko ushintshe.
2. Ngenxa yokuthi i-halogen ekwilensi eshintshile ngeke ilahleke, ngakho-ke ukusabela okubuyisela emuva kungase kwenzeke, ngemva kokunyamalala kokukhanya kokuvula, isiliva ne-halogen ziphinde zihlangane, ukuze ilensi ibuyele esimweni sokuqala esisobala esingenambala noma esinombala okhanyayo.Ukugibela ngokuvamile ngaphandle, isidingo sokumelana nokugqugquzelwa kwelanga, ngakho-ke ukugqoka izibuko zokugibela ezingashintsha umbala kungcono.Nokho, abanye abantu bakhathazekile ngokuthi izibuko zokugibela ezishintsha umbala zizoba yingozi emehlweni.Khona-ke, ingabe izibuko zokugibela ezishintsha umbala zizolimaza amehlo?
Ingabe izibuko zokugibela ezishintsha umbala ziyingozi emehlweni?
Ukukhanya kwezingilazi zokugibela ezishintsha umbala kuphansi kakhulu, nakuba kungamunca iningi le-ultraviolet, infrared kanye nokucwebezela okuhlukahlukene okuyingozi, kodwa ngenxa yokwakheka kwamakhemikhali esiliva we-halide aqukethwe ilensi, ukukhanya kwelensi kubi kakhulu. , ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kungase kuholele ekukhathaleni okubukwayo, okungafaneleki ukugqoka nokusetshenziswa kokugibela isikhathi eside.Kodwa-ke, ngenqubekelaphambili yobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza, izinga lokushintsha umbala kanye nezinga lokufiphala kwamalensi ashintsha umbala liye lathuthukiswa kakhulu, futhi izibuko zokugibela ezishintsha umbala zekhwalithi ephezulu cishe azinangozi.Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi kunezingilazi zokugibela ezishintsha umbala ezisezingeni eliphansi ezinokushintsha kombala okungalingani, ukushintsha kombala okunensayo nokufiphala kombala osheshayo, noma ukushintsha kombala osheshayo ngokufiphala kombala okunensa kakhulu, kanti ezinye azishintshi ngisho nombala, lokhu ukugibela izibuko ukugqoka isikhathi eside ayikwazi ukwenza isivikelo iso ngempumelelo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-20-2023